{"id":550,"date":"2020-06-19T11:34:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-19T18:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/backstagepass.concertarchives.org\/?p=550"},"modified":"2020-06-19T12:24:44","modified_gmt":"2020-06-19T19:24:44","slug":"rock-roll-isnt-white-people-music","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.concertarchives.org\/backstagepass\/rock-roll-isnt-white-people-music\/","title":{"rendered":"Rock &#038; Roll isn&#8217;t &#8220;White People Music&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll began to bloom in the mid-1950s and is often described in this  stage as a mix between country music and rhythm and blues. Though Elvis Presley has been dubbed \u201cThe King (of Rock and Roll),\u201d his success is due to the work of Black musicians before him. The producer who discovered (and, according to some, engineered) Elvis, Sam Phillips, is quoted as saying \u201cI always said that if I could find a white boy who could sing like a Black man I&#8217;d make a million dollars.\u201d And he was right (though he wasn\u2019t the one who made millions of dollars, as his contract was bought out by RCA).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rock music is often dubbed \u201cwhite people music,\u201d to the detriment of artists and fans of color alike. While it\u2019d be impossible to trace the entire history of rock music in one article, we\u2019d like to take this time to share the stories of a few Black artists who have pioneered the genre\u2019s evolution over the years, as well as discuss the <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fanQHFAxXH0\" target=\"_blank\">often-ignored influence of race<\/a> in the music industry and rock scene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1950s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chuck Berry<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Chuck Berry - Johnny B. Goode (Live 1958)\" width=\"1032\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6ROwVrF0Ceg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Known as \u201cThe Father of Rock &amp; Roll,\u201d Chuck Berry got his start in high school, singing Jay McShann\u2019s \u201cConfessin\u2019 the Blues\u201d at the school\u2019s musical performance to thunderous applause. He soon began learning rhythm changes and blues chords on guitar, and in 1952 began performing. Since country-western was popular at the time, Berry began incorporating country into his style. In 1955, he signed to Chess Records, due to Leonard Chess\u2019 interest in his \u2018hillybilly\u2019 track \u201cMaybellene\u201d (originally called \u201cIda May\u201d). That summer, \u201cMaybellene\u201d hit number 5 on the Pop Charts and number 1 on the R&amp;B Charts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout his career, Berry released numerous hits. His success is largely attributed to his ability to release music that his audience enjoyed and found relatable. In 1986, he was the first ever inductee into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. As a tribute to his success, the Voyager 1, launched in 1977, included a clip of Berry&#8217;s \u201cJohnny B. Goode.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1960s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jimi Hendrix&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Jimi Hendrix Experience - Purple Haze (Live at the Atlanta Pop Festival)\" width=\"1032\" height=\"581\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cJunCsrhJjg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Any article discussing the history of rock music wouldn\u2019t be complete without mentioning Jimi Hendrix. After years of yearning to play guitar, he finally acquired his first acoustic in 1958 at age 15. For the next 8 years, he moved around, playing in various groups and backup bands, including the Isley Brother\u2019s backup bands, Little Richard\u2019s ensemble band, and various soul, R&amp;B, and blues groups. In 1966, Linda Keith (then girlfriend of Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones) discovered Hendrix, and introduced him to various industry players. Eventually, Hendrix connected with Chas Chandler, who liked Hendrix\u2019s version of the song \u201cHey Joe.\u201d Hendrix flew to London, and began playing with a band assembled by Chandler to showcase his talent, the Jimi Hendrix Experience.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The band\u2019s first show was October 13, 1966 in France, opening for Johnny Hallyday, and the rest is history. Over the next year, the band released several singles distributed via Polydor Records, and appeared on UK television shows <em>Ready Set Go!<\/em> and <em>Top of the Pops<\/em>. \u201cHey Joe\u201d peaked at number 6 on the UK charts, \u201cPurple Haze\u201d hit number 3. <em>Are You Experienced<\/em> was released in May 1967, and spent 33 weeks on the UK charts, reaching the number two position (number one was the Beatles&#8217; <em>Sgt. Pepper&#8217;s Lonely Hearts Club Band<\/em>). Reprise Records released <em>Are You Experienced<\/em> in the US in August, where it reached number 5 on the Billboard 200.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Though Hendrix died in 1970 at the age of 27, his influence on rock music cannot be understated. He was the world\u2019s highest paid performer of his time, and headlined 1969\u2019s Woodstock Festival. <em>Rolling Stone<\/em> ranked him as the greatest guitarist of all time, and the Experience\u2019s three studio albums among the 100 greatest albums of all time. Hendrix was also one of the first artists to make extensive use of guitar effects, such as overdrive, fuzz distortion, wah-wah, and others still widely used today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.okayplayer.com\/originals\/jimi-hendrix-black-culture-icon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read an interesting piece on the legacy of Jimi Hendrix and the whitewashing of rock<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ike and Tina Turner<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ike &amp; Tina Turner  &quot;Fool In Love&quot; &amp; &quot;Work Out Fine&quot; medley\" width=\"1032\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/SI1EN6GCGc0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ranked number 2 on the <em>Rolling Stones<\/em> 20 Greatest Duos of All Time, Ike and Tina Turner began performing in 1960 as the Ike &amp; Tina Turner Revue, backed by the Kings of Rhythm and the Ikettes. The pair started performing together in the 1958, and soon began dating. When singer Art Lassiter failed to show for a recording session in 1960, Ike allowed Tina to record a demo of the song instead. Music execs and DJs heard the song, and thus Juggy Murray (president of Sue Records) bought the rights to song and prompted Tina Turner to perform under that moniker (her name was Ann Bullock). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The song, &#8220;A Fool In Love&#8221; became an immediate hit upon its July 1960 release, reaching number 2 on the Billboard Hot R&amp;B Charts. On October 3rd, they made their TV debut on American Bandstand. Just two weeks later, Tina gave birth to their son Ronald Renelle Turner. Their next single, &#8220;I Idolize You,&#8221; also saw great success, and they released their debuted album <em>The Soul of Ike &amp; Tina Turner<\/em> in February 1961. Later that year, they released the single &#8220;It&#8217;s Gonna Work Out Fine,&#8221; which earned them their first Grammy nomination for Best Rock and Roll Recording at the 4th Annual Grammy Awards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ike and Tina&#8217;s career boomed throughout the 60s and into the 70s. They received 7 Grammy nominations, wining the 1972 award for Best R&amp;B Vocal Performance by a Group for &#8220;Proud Mary,&#8221; and released 20 studio albums. In 1991, they were inducted into the Rock &amp; Roll Hall of Fame, and both received stars on the St. Louis Walk of Fame. Ike and Tina toured Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, as both headliners and openers for acts such as the Rolling Stones<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-spotify wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-embed-aspect-9-16 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Spotify Embed: 1960s Rock\" width=\"300\" height=\"380\" allowtransparency=\"true\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/playlist\/2ovTqutFdsHTsf3pcwN8Ww?si=w2YSK8IST9Wd5mVvnBYvBQ\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1970s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Death<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Death -  Politicians in my eyes\" width=\"1032\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OwehxN2ipCU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Before \u2018punk\u2019 was even a genre, there was a band called Death. Brothers David, Bobby and Dannis Hackney began playing music together in the late 1960s, but began playing rock music in 1973. Soon after, the band recorded some of their songs with Groovesville Productions. Despite their talent, the band never took off. \u201cI knew those kids were great, but trying to break a Black group into rock \u2019n\u2019 roll was just tough during that time,\u201d said Brian Spears, Groovesville\u2019s publishing director who oversaw the band\u2019s sessions. The band ultimately pressed 500 copies of \u201cPoliticians in My Eyes,\u201d backed with \u201cKeep On Knocking,\u201d on their own label Tryangle. Unable to find much support on the radio (in part due to the rise of disco), the band gave up on rock and roll, and moved to Vermont to \u201cclear their heads,\u201d leaving their experience with Death behind them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It wasn\u2019t until 2008, when Bobby\u2019s son Julian heard the band\u2019s single being played at a party and recognized his father\u2019s voice, that the band was rediscovered. A Google search by Bobby Jr. revealed the going rate of the band\u2019s only release (one copy sold to record collector Robert Cole Manis for $400 and $400 worth of rare records). Mr. Manis saw a post from Bobby Jr. on a punk forum about the rediscovery of Death\u2019s master recordings (which had been in storage for over 30 years), and put the brothers in touch with Chicago indie label Drag City, who released the band\u2019s 7 recorded songs as \u201c&#8230;For The Whole To See.\u201d In 2012, the documentary <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=y0Vcf1au1vU\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cA Band Called Death\u201d<\/a> was released (and I highly recommend it), which detailed the band\u2019s story from their origin to rediscovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While David Hackney unfortunately passed away before seeing the band\u2019s rediscovery, he knew that the band was something special. In an interview with the New York Times, Bobby Sr. said \u201cDavid came to me right before he died, and he had some master tapes of ours. I jokingly said to him, \u2018David, I have enough of our stuff, man, I\u2019m running out of room.\u2019 And he said, \u2018Bob, you\u2019ve got to keep all this stuff, the world\u2019s going to come looking for it one day, and when the world comes looking for it, I\u2019ll know that you\u2019ll have it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Poly Styrene\/X-Ray Spex<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"X Ray Spex - Oh Bondage! Up Yours! with lyrics\" width=\"1032\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/b6BHh_0pX_4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Across the pond, Poly Styrene started the band X-Ray Spex in 1976 at the age of 19. The band started off playing small venues around the UK, and quickly gained momentum. The band released their infamous single \u201cOh Bondage! Up Yours!\u201d on Virgin Records in 1977, and later released their album <em>Germfree Adolescents<\/em> (1978) on EMI. In the US, X-Ray Spex played twice a night for two weeks at CBGB\u2019s in New York City. The band was only together for a few years, but was still massively influential. Though her music was more anti-consumerist than it was feminist, Poly Styrene is often credited as influence by riot grrrl artists. Artists such as FKA Twigs, Kim Gordon (Sonic Youth), and Kathleen Hanna (Bikini Kill, Le Tigre) have cited Poly and her music as influences on their music and careers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-spotify wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-embed-aspect-9-16 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Spotify Embed: 1970s Rock\" width=\"300\" height=\"380\" allowtransparency=\"true\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/playlist\/2DKURrJ0VZXXKSs0mRJgPa?si=g5nx-UHSTTeOzGSinZ-4pQ\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption><em>Shoutout to <a href=\"https:\/\/crazyonclassicrock.com\/2015\/06\/21\/black-classic-rock-musicians\/\">crazyonclassicrock.com<\/a> for playlist suggestions!<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Check back soon for more influential artists from the 80s, 90s, and now!<\/em> <em>This is by no means an exhaustive list of Black musicians and artists from these decades, but we hope you found it informative! <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>For some amazing Black artists that are currently making music, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/backstagepass.concertarchives.org\/supporting-black-artists-7-bands-you-should-listen-to\/\">last week&#8217;s article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For information about how you can support the anti-racism movement,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/linktr.ee\/NationalResourcesList\">visit this linktree<\/a>. It includes advice and resources for protesters, bail funds and mutual aid funds to donate to, and anti-racist readings\/podcasts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Black Lives Matter. Support Black Artists.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll began to bloom in the mid-1950s and is often described in this stage as a mix between country music and rhythm and blues. Though Elvis Presley has been dubbed \u201cThe King (of Rock and Roll),\u201d his success is due to the work of Black musicians before him. The producer who discovered (and, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[76],"tags":[113,110,112,114,111,109],"class_list":["post-550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-concert-history","tag-chuck-berry","tag-death","tag-jimi-hendrix","tag-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame","tag-tina-turner","tag-x-ray-spex"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rock &amp; Roll isn&#039;t &quot;White People Music&quot; - Backstage Pass<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.concertarchives.org\/backstagepass\/rock-roll-isnt-white-people-music\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rock &amp; Roll isn&#039;t &quot;White People Music&quot; - Backstage Pass\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll began to bloom in the mid-1950s and is often described in this stage as a mix between country music and rhythm and blues. Though Elvis Presley has been dubbed \u201cThe King (of Rock and Roll),\u201d his success is due to the work of Black musicians before him. 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